There is a very wide variety of sensors out there. Some are based on "sight" but there are a lot of different types used in these cars. One of the most interesting IMO (and something applicable to cars with human drivers) is radar that can detect living objects over hills, behind trees, around the bend etc... Some of my scariest moments driving have come from deer jumping in front of my car on some hilly back-road. I can't wait for my car to brake for me. I read an article recently that one company had sensors capable of detecting most animals but was having issues detecting Kangaroos because of their jumping motion. The technology isn't perfect (yet) but that is night and day ahead of where we were just a few years ago.
I think the same sensor technology will dramatically reduce motorcycle and bicycle deaths and accidents. Having a car that senses the location of a motorcycle or bike — and adjusts on its own instead of relying on the human eye to pick one out and the hand-eye coordination to be quick enough to avoid a collision — will be a giant leap forward.
The easiest way to reduce motorcycle deaths is to not let motorcycles weave in and out of traffic.
Last year I was a 50 mph. highway.
Some guys in "crotch rockets" went blowing by me,weaving in and out out traffic.
One guy misjudged the distance between 2 cars.
Tried to adjust,lost control,the result wasn't pretty.
As for bicycles,just follow the "rule of the road" and if they don't,ticket them.